"A parasitic system is a complex of host populations united by a population of species parasitizing them through stable ecosystem (biocoenotic) connections"
(Beklemishev, 1956).
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S1062359016080094
(A biocenosis (biocoenosis, also biocenose, biocoenose, biotic community, biological community, ecological community, life assemblage,) coined by Karl Möbius in 1877, describes the interacting organisms living together in a habitat (biotope).)
"The parasitic system is the population system of a parasite with all the connected populations of its hosts.The complexity of a parasitic system depends on: (1) pe-culiarities of the life cycle of the parasite, since its popu-lation system is the organizing component of the parasit-ic system and (2) subdivision of the environment for theparasites."
https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/PL00012141.pdf
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wladimir_Nikolajewitsch_Beklemischew
https://folia.paru.cas.cz/pdfs/fol/1982/02/01.pdf
“Principles of Comparative Parasitology Applied to Blood-feeding Arthropods” by V. Beklemishev is where the idea of parasitic systems was firstly formulated 70 years ago (Beklemishev, 1945). Based on the studies by Moshkovskii on the epidemiological effects of host–parasite interrelations (Moshkovskii, 1943) and studies by Martini on double, triple, and multiple biocoenotic systems formed by parasites (Martini, 1932), Beklemishev defined the parasitic systems as structural and functional elements within an ecosystem.
This idea evolved into the complex concept a bit later, when two fundamental papers of Beklemishev were published in Zoological Journal (Zoologicheski Zhurnal): “Infectious Agents as Elements of Biocoenoses” (1956) and “Populations and Micropopulations of Parasites and Nidikoles” (1959). These studies along with some others (Beklemishev, 1960, 1964) established the hierarchical nature of systems, based on parasite–host interactions; effects on populations resulting from these interactions; and the role of parasites as components of natural communities.
The idea of the parasitic system is the core of the concept. A parasitic system is a complex of host populations united by a population of species parasitizing them through stable ecosystem (biocoenotic) connections (Beklemishev, 1956).
